[98] The European nation hardest hit was Sweden, with a death toll of 543. [124], Beyond the heavy toll on human lives, the Indian Ocean earthquake has caused an enormous environmental impact that will affect the region for many years to come. This was similar to eyewitness accounts of the tsunami at Banda Aceh. It has been theorized that the tsunamis were focused and directed at long ranges by the mid-ocean ridges which run along the margins of the continental plates.[50]. [citation needed]. [75][77][79] The tsunami varied in height from 2 m (6.6 ft) to 10 m (33 ft) based on survivors' accounts. It has been reported that in the Maldives, 16 to 17 coral reef atolls that were overcome by sea waves are without fresh water and could be rendered uninhabitable for decades. The surface waves can be clearly seen to reinforce near the antipode (with the closest seismic stations in Ecuador), and to subsequently encircle the planet to return to the epicentral region after about 200 minutes. Each of these megathrust earthquakes also spawned tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean. The inundation distance is about 5 km (3.1 mi). The magnitude 8.7 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake, which originated off the coast of the Sumatran island of Nias, is not considered an aftershock, despite its proximity to the epicentre, and was most likely triggered by stress changes associated with the 2004 event. Tsunami in Asia Video 26.12.2004. Major damage occurred in two narrow strips of land bound on the west by the Arabian Sea and on the east by the Kerala backwaters. ASIA TSUNAMI 2004/2005 . In comparison to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, the death toll from these earthquakes was significantly lower, primarily because of the lower population density along the coasts near affected areas, the much greater distances to more populated coasts, and the superior infrastructure and warning systems in MEDCs (More Economically Developed Countries) such as Japan. [citation needed] Presence of seawalls at the Kerala and Tamil Nadu coasts reduced the impact of the waves. Interview with the locals revealed that the sea temporarily receded and exposed coral reefs. [78] A video recorded by locals showed the tsunami flooding the beach and villages causing despair amongst the villagers. Run up level up to 3.8 m (12 ft) have been measured.[80]. 24News 2014-12-22T04:12:28+00:00. The earthquake then triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coast of landmass on the Indian Ocean. The waves radiated outwards along the entire 1,600 km (1,000 mi) length of the rupture (acting as a line source). The December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by slippage of about 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) of the boundary between the India and Burma plates off the west coast of northern Sumatra. [70][68] Tsunami waves measured on the east coast ranged from 4.5–9 m (15–30 ft) at Pottuvill to Batticaloa at 2.6–5 m (8 ft 6 in–16 ft 5 in) in the north-east around Trincomalee and 4–5 m (13–16 ft) in the west coast from Moratuwa to Ambalangoda. Lea Robson. A 2006 study estimated a magnitude of Mw 9.1–9.3; Hiroo Kanamori of the California Institute of Technology estimates that Mw  9.2 is representative of the earthquake's size. Despite a delay of up to several hours between the earthquake and the impact of the tsunami, nearly all of the victims were taken by surprise. [62], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat and Batee island lie just north of the capital city. As the 2004 tsunami remains only in memory, ... a teacher at Ban Bangsak was in the school when the tsunami struck in 2004. Island folklore recounted an earthquake and tsunami in 1907, and the islanders fled to inland hills after the initial shaking and before the tsunami struck. In the seaside section of Ulee Lheue, the flow depths were over 9 m (30 ft). Most of the people killed were members of the fishing community.[78]. The tsunami travelled eastward through the Andaman Sea and hit the south-western coasts of Thailand, about 2 hours after the earthquake. [156] Many charities were given considerable donations from the public. At Koh Sriboya, the tsunami advanced inland as a turbulent medium bore while at Koh Phayam in Ranong province, the tsunami appeared as a wall of water. Located about 500 km (310 mi) from the epicentre, at the time, the region was popular with tourists because of Christmas. The inundation was observed to extend 3–4 km (1.9–2.5 mi) inland throughout the city. Others have said that Allah was angry that Muslims were killing each other in an ongoing conflict. The India Plate meets the Burma Plate (which is considered a portion of the great Eurasian Plate) at the Sunda Trench. Many of these tourists were caught off-guard by the tsunami, as they had no prior warning. Trending. The December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by slippage of about 600 miles (1,000 kilometers) of the boundary between the India and Burma plates off the west coast of northern Sumatra. A second team found similar evidence of previous tsunamis in Aceh, a province at the northern tip of Sumatra; radiocarbon dating of bark fragments in the soil below the second sand layer led the scientists to estimate that the most recent predecessor to the 2004 tsunami probably occurred between A.D. 1300 and 1450. The last major tsunami was caused by the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa. [91][92], Tidal surges also occurred along the Western Australian coast that lasted for several hours, resulting in boats losing their moorings and two people needing to be rescued. [125], According to specialists, the main effect is being caused by poisoning of the freshwater supplies and of the soil by saltwater infiltration and a deposit of a salt layer over arable land. Indonesia was the worst affected area, with most death toll estimates at around 170,000. [19] Splay faults, or secondary "pop up faults", caused long, narrow parts of the seafloor to pop up in seconds. [78] The inundation distance varied between 1,006–500 m (3,301–1,640 ft) in most areas, except at river mouths, where it was more than 1 km (0.62 mi). The low-lying island country of Maldives reported more than a hundred casualties and immense economic damage. The tsunami heights from the 2004 December earthquake The deadliest-known earthquake in history occurred in 1556 in Shaanxi, China, with an estimated death toll of 830,000, though figures from this period may not be as reliable. The first warning sign of a possible tsunami is the earthquake itself. Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, tsunami that hit the coasts of several countries of South and Southeast Asia in December 2004. [95] However, the estimated number of dead and missing in Indonesia were later reduced by over 50,000. One such landslide consisted of a single block of rock some 100 m (330 ft) high and 2 km (1.2 mi) long. The Indian Plate is part of the great Indo-Australian Plate, which underlies the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, and is moving north-east at an average of 60 mm/a (0.075 in/Ms). [88] The Puntland coast in northern Somalia was by far the area hardest hit by the waves to the west of the Indian subcontinent. Being rich in coral reefs, the Maldives provides an opportunity for scientists to assess the impact of a tsunami on coral atolls. The maximum tsunami wave height of 11 m (36 ft). In Yemen, the tsunami killed two people with a maximum runup of 2 m (6.6 ft). The highest death toll was in Hafun, with 19 dead and 160 people presumed missing out of its 5,000 inhabitants. The quake itself was third-most powerful since 1900, exceeded only by the Great Chilean Earthquake of 1960 (magnitude 9.5), and the 1964 Good Friday Earthquake in Prince William Sound, Alaska (magnitude 9.2); both of those quakes also produced … She and her parents warned others on the beach, which was evacuated safely. [70] In Hambantota, tsunami run-ups measured 11 m (36 ft) with the greatest inundation distance of 2 km (1.2 mi). Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. Keywords . Helping restore the quality of drinking water after the tsunami. It was an undersea megathrust earthquake that registered a magnitude of 9.1–9.3 Mw, reaching a Mercalli intensity up to IX in certain areas. According to eyewitness accounts, the tsunami came from the north and south. [58], The tsunami devastated the coastline of Aceh province, about 20 minutes after the earthquake. [72] The tsunami heights were 5–6 m (16–20 ft) and the inundated depth was about 2 m (6.6 ft). The impact of the waves was so severe that four oil tankers were thrown almost 800 m (2,600 ft) from the seashore near Malacca to the Air force colony main gate. The survey, conducted using a high-resolution, multi-beam sonar system, revealed that the earthquake had made a considerable impact on the topography of the seabed. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is working with governments of the region in order to determine the severity of the ecological impact and how to address it. The quiet resort town of Khao Lak is located on a stretch of golden sandy beach, famed for its hotels overlooking the Andaman Sea and hilly rainforests. A tsunami or tidal-wave is a phenomenon caused by the displacement of a large body of water and resembling a rapidly rising tide lasting from a few minutes to several hours.Tsunamis are most of the time the result of an earthquake on the ocean/sea floor. Has anyone seen video of this Tsuanmi on the web? Ten years on, take a look back at the Indian Ocean tsunami that struck on St. Stephen's Day 2004. It displaced the North Pole by 25 mm (0.98 in). [32], The earthquake generated a seismic oscillation of the Earth's surface of up to 200–300 mm (8–12 in), equivalent to the effect of the tidal forces caused by the Sun and Moon. Inquests into the deaths of 91 British victims and two foreign nationals, whose bodies were repatriated to the UK, were held at Olympia in London from 5-8 December. 2004: Thousands die in Asian tsunami Massive sea surges triggered by an earthquake under the Indian Ocean have killed over 10,000 people in southern Asia, with many more feared dead. If so please leave the link. This caused the Indian Ocean tsunami … It has been reported that severe damage has been inflicted on ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, forests, coastal wetlands, vegetation, sand dunes and rock formations, animal and plant biodiversity and groundwater. Furthermore, Phi Phi Le Island shields the port of Phi Phi Don Island. It was co-produced by the Singapore-based regional news and current affairs channel Channel News Asia, in partnership with TVE Asia … [72] Amateur camcorder footage taken by Israeli tourists showed the tsunami advancing inland suddenly as a small flood, gradually becoming more powerful and engulfed the whole beach and resort, with a yacht boat can be seen carried by the tsunami out to sea. The greatest tsunami inundation occurred at North Male Atoll, Male island at 250 m (820 ft) along the streets. [145], The tsunami had a severe humanitarian and political impact in Sweden. Woman in a tsunami-damaged village in Tamil Nadu, India, waving for assistance from a hovering helicopter, December 31, 2004. …was struck by a large tsunami that had been generated by an earthquake centred in the Indian Ocean near Indonesia. Due to close proximity to the earthquake, the tsunami took just minutes to devastate the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. False tsunami alarm sparks panic in Indian Ocean region. The tsunami heights recorded:[72][73]. Terrifying video shows the sheer power of 2011 Japan tsunami earthquake as it violently shook airport then flooded the runway in MINUTES - before causing world's worst nuclear meltdown since Chernobyl The slip did not happen instantaneously but took place in two phases over several minutes: More than 200,000 people died. [citation needed] According to local accounts,[attribution needed] tsunami waves attacked the area three times. However, this was proven untrue. Thanks Reportedly, there is a video of the tsunami from a camera from a hotel in Malaysia. There was also a great concern that the death toll could increase as disease and hunger spread. The quake itself is known by the scientific community as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. On December 26, 2004, at 7:59 am local time, an undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 struck off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that killed 2,30,000 people across 13 countries in Asia, including Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Sri Lanka is marking its 15th anniversary today. Author: Dave Roos. In South Andaman island, based on local eyewitnesses, there were three tsunami waves, with the third being the most destructive. The terrible devastation and the aftermath of this catastrophe cuaght on tape. Ghosh Roy. Amateur video recorded at the city of Galle showed a large deluge flooding the city, carrying debris and sweeping away people while in the coastal resort town of Beruwala, the tsunami appeared as a huge brown-orange colored bore which reached the first level of a hotel, causing destruction and taking people unaware. However, officials hope that piracy in the region will drop off as a result of the tsunami. However, because of the initial quick response, this was minimized. On March 11, 2011, a 9.0 earthquake occurred, this time near the east coast of Honshu, Japan. The second and third destructive waves arrived later, which exceeded the height of the coconut trees. The refracted tsunami waves then inundated the southwestern part of Sri Lanka after some of its energy was reflected from impact with the Maldives. These problems also made the delivery of relief aid more challenging. The total physical work done MW (and thus energy) by the quake was 4.0×1022 joules (40 ZJ),[31] the vast majority underground, which is over 360,000 times more than its ME, equivalent to 9,600 gigatons of TNT equivalent (550 million times that of Hiroshima) or about 370 years of energy use in the United States at 2005 levels of 1.08×1020 joules (108 EJ). Tsunami in Asia Video 26.12.2004. Because of the distances involved, the tsunami took anywhere from fifteen minutes to seven hours to reach the coastlines. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. [78] The tsunami travelled 2.5 km (1.6 mi) at its maximum inland at Karaikal, Puducherry. Other videos recorded showed that the tsunami appeared like a flood raging inland. 24:11. The earthquake was caused by subduction. The second wave came 10 minutes after the first one with a maximum height of 4.8 m (16 ft) to 8 m (26 ft) and caused the major destruction. Patong beach hotel tsunami video footage. Some locations reported that the waves had reached a height of 30 feet (9 metres) or more when they hit the shoreline. [63] The second wave was the largest; it came from the west-southwest within five minutes of the first wave. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2 km (2.0 mi) inland. 9:41. [6] A much higher number of deaths has been suggested for Myanmar based on reports from Thailand. This was a result of the high proportion of children in the populations of many of the affected regions and because children were the least able to resist being overcome by the surging waters. [69] The degradation of the natural environment in Sri Lanka contributed to the high death tolls. Last Updated: 26th December, 2020 20:28 IST IN PICS | Asia Remembers 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami That Killed Nearly 2,30,000 People The 16th anniversary of the massive Indian Ocean tsunami, which was triggered by an earthquake of magnitude 9.1, is being marked on December 26. The second and third waves came in 10-minute intervals after the first. Tsunami run-up measurements along the Sri Lankan coasts are at 2.4–4.11 m (7 ft 10 in–13 ft 6 in). Bush also asked his father, former President George H. W. Bush, and former President Bill Clinton to lead a U.S. effort to provide private aid to the tsunami victims. An even higher runup point was measured on a cliff near the town of Eyl, solely on an eyewitness account. The first wave came rapidly landward from the south-west as a turbulent bore about 0.5–2.5 m (1.6–8.2 ft) high. While local economies were devastated, the overall impact on the national economies was minor. See more ideas about tsunami, natural disasters, pictures. [53] On Maikhao Beach in north Phuket City, Thailand, a 10-year-old British tourist named Tilly Smith had studied tsunamis in geography at school and recognised the warning signs of the receding ocean and frothing bubbles. The World Food Programme provided food aid to more than 1.3 million people affected by the tsunami. Because the 1,600 km (1,000 mi) fault affected by the earthquake was in a nearly north–south orientation, the greatest strength of the tsunami waves was in an east–west direction. [citation needed], Other huge megathrust earthquakes occurred in 1868 (Peru, Nazca Plate and South American Plate); 1827 (Colombia, Nazca Plate and South American Plate); 1812 (Venezuela, Caribbean Plate and South American Plate) and 1700 (western North America, Juan de Fuca Plate and North American Plate). The second and third waves were 15–30 m (49–98 ft) high at the coast and appeared like gigantic surfing waves but "taller than the coconut trees and was like a mountain". A great deal of humanitarian aid was needed because of widespread damage to the infrastructure, shortages of food and water, and economic damage. Getty Images offers exclusive rights-ready and premium royalty-free analog, HD, and 4K video of the highest quality. It was judge… However, when the seawalls were made of loose stones, the stones were displaced and carried a few metres inland.[75][77][79]. A video documented by a local restaurant manager from a hill adjacent to the beach, showed that the tsunami's arrival was preceded by a sudden retreat of the sea exposing the seafloor. June 9, 2011 — The March 11 earthquake and tsunami left more than 28,000 dead or missing. ". Since over 51,000 vessels were lost to the tsunami, the industry boomed. [93], According to the U.S. Geological Survey, a total of 227,898 people died. Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped out. On Karon Beach, Kamala Beach and Kata Beach, the tsunami came in like a surging flood inland carrying people and cars. Thousands of rice, mango, and banana plantations in Sri Lanka were destroyed almost entirely and will take years to recover. The tsunami reached a run-up of 10–20 m (33–66 ft) on the western shoreline of Breueh Island and Nasi Island. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. The maximum inundation limit due to tsunami water was about 500 m (1,600 ft). In total, eight people in South Africa died due to high sea levels and waves. (2007). [42], The tsunami, like all others, behaved differently in deep water than in shallow water. Rentmian. Thailand and South East Asia Tsunami video. CNN's Manisha Tank reports on changes made since the 2004 tsunami took place with no warning systems in place. Footage captured at Koh Lanta showed a wall of water swamping the beach, while another video taken at another location showed a large surfing wave like tsunami approaching the shore, lifting up a yacht and flooding the beach.
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